BOUGHOULA BESMA
عضو جديد
الدولة : ALGERIA
عدد المساهمات : 2
نقاط : 6
تاريخ التسجيل : 01/12/2013
 | | موضوع: pax americana and lux humana الإثنين يناير 05, 2015 1:56 pm | |
| Pax Americana and lux humana according to BENJAMIN R. BARBER in his book Fear`s Empire: War, Terrorism and Democracy The desire to reassert hegemony and declare independence from the world emanates from hubris laced with fear; it aims at coercing the world to join America _ “you are with us or you are with the terrorists” Call the goal of this desire Pax Americana, a universal peace imposed by American arms: fear`s empire founded in right`s good name, because it matters not if they hate us as long as they fear us. Pax Americana, like the imperial Roman hegemony (Pax Romana) in which it models itself, envisions global comity imposed on the world by unilateral American military force_ with as much cooperation and law as does not stand in the way of unilateral decision making and action. The imperative to risk innovation and forge cooperation, to seek an alternative to Pax Americana, arises out of realism: it issues in strategies aimed at allowing America to join the world. Call this alternative Lex Humana, universal law rooted in human commonality. Call it preventive democracy. Lex humana works for global comity within the framework of universal rights and law, conferred by multilateral political, economic, and cultural cooperation _ with only as much common military action as can be authorized by common legal authority, whether in the Congress, in multilateral treaties, or through the United Nation. Pax Americana reasserts American sovereignty, if necessary over the entire planet; lex humana seeks a pooling of sovereignties ( Europe is one example) around international law and institutions, recognizing that independence has already rendered sovereignty`s national frontiers porous and its powers ever less sufficient. Following successful military campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq (and before them, in Yugoslavia), the Pax Americana strategy would appear to have the upper hand. But history suggests that American policy is cyclic, and interdependence argues that lex humana is the better long-term strate | |
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